The two varieties of Corgi came from a common root-stock and were not divided officially until the mid-1930s, but time has led to some variations, which are now more obvious even if not all specifically mentioned in the standards.

The Cardigan is thought to be the older of the two varieties of Welsh Corgi, with a history going back to around 1200. It has also been called the Yard Dog, because its length from tip of nose to end of outstretched tail is the measurement for a Welsh yard.

The Cardigan allows for more colours of coat than the Pembroke; in fact, it permits any colour so long as white does not predominate. The ears are a trifle larger and set slightly wider in the Cardigan, and the feet should be round rather than oval. The tail, for such a relatively low-set dog, is long, appears heavy and is carried low, nearly reaching the ground when at rest.

In terms of temperament, the Cardigan gives the impression of being a more restful character than his cousin, but he is perfectly capable of coming alive whenever he is asked to. He is known as a true companion and worker, capable of fitting into all kinds of lifestyles with the minimum of fuss. It is surprising that such a delightful breed has never achieved the popularity that it deserves.