The Entlebucher Mountain Dog is the smallest of the four breeds of Swiss Mountain Dog, the most popular of which is the Bernese. The breed originates from the Entlebuch Valley in Switzerland between Lucerne and Berne and was first identified as a distinct type in 1923 when four tricolour Swiss Cattle Dogs with aloft tails were exhibited at Langenttal dog show. The first breed standard was compiled in 1927.

Like the other Swiss mountain dog breeds, the Entelbucher carries the traditional tricolour markings with a principally black body coat with tan and white markings in specific locations. The top coat is short, close fitting, harsh and shiny with a dense undercoat. He has a wedge-shaped head, a rectangular body shape with sloping croup and naturally bob tailed or long tailed. The breed stands at 44-50 cm (17.3-19.5 in) for dogs, with bitches standing at 42-48 cm (16.5-19 in).

His is very agile, free striding, intelligent and quick to learn. He gained his popularity as a tireless cattle driving and versatile farm dog. Today in Switzerland he still fulfils his role as a cattle herding dog bringing the cows down from mountain pastures but his popularity has increased with the recognition of his biddable, faithful and loving temperament and he is now to be found in many households as a trusted companion and family member.